Periodontal Cosmetic Restorative Procedures

Many understand the oral health benefits of periodontal treatment, but there are cosmetic purposes for certain periodontal procedures as well. This review highlights several periodontal restorative procedures that are used and/or offer cosmetic benefits as well as improving oral health.

Four types of periodontal cosmetic procedures

Several notable types of periodontal cosmetic restorative procedures include scaling and root planing, gum contouring, gum grafting, and bone grafting. Each has a different purpose and can benefit your smile in a unique way, and understanding the benefits and differences for each one can help you decide if treatment is right for your needs and goals.

Scaling and root planing

Scaling and root planing, also called deep dental cleaning, is a common type of periodontal procedure that involves cleaning beneath the gum line. Unlike a regular dental cleaning that cleans the surface of teeth and the gum line, a scaling and root planing cleans below the gum line to treat periodontitis (a severe form of gum disease). This is primarily performed to improve oral health, but many patients report an improved smile after treatment is complete as well.

Gum contouring

Gum contouring is a periodontal procedure that involves contouring the gums for an improved appearance. The procedure is also performed if the gum line is severely diseased, in which case the diseased portions of the gums are removed. Gum contouring works especially well to address a gummy smile, which occurs when too much of the gum line (and not enough of the crowns of teeth) shows while smiling. This procedure usually involves removing excess gum tissue, but it can include grafting (see below) as well.

Gum graft procedure

A gum graft procedure involves adding additional gum tissue to the gums. This is most commonly recommended when there is gum recession due to periodontal disease. In this case, the gum graft procedure strengthens the supporting structures of teeth to help avoid tooth loss. As mentioned, a gum graft procedure can also be used to help create an even smile and shorten teeth that appear longer than they ideally should.

Bone graft procedure

A bone graft procedure involves grafting new bone material to replace bone loss inside of the jaw. Bone loss in the jaw can occur as a result of periodontal disease. This can weaken teeth and significantly increase the risk of teeth loss. Additionally, bone loss can occur as a result of atrophy after teeth loss. In either case, a bone graft procedure can help prevent a sunken jaw appearance, and it can also assist with the teeth replacement process, which can significantly improve appearance. Specifically, a bone graft procedure may be necessary before implant-supported crowns and implant-supported bridges.